A Member of the House of Representatives Brainly

National legislature of the Philippines

Congress of the Philippines Kongreso ng Pilipinas
18th Congress of the Philippines
Seals of the Senate (left) and of the Firm of Representatives (right)
Type
Blazon	Bicameral
Houses	Senate House of Representatives
History
Founded	June 9, 1945 (1945-06-09)
Preceded by	National Assembly of the Philippines
New session started	July 22, 2019 (2019-07-22)
Leadership
President of the Senate	Tito Sotto, NPC since July 22, 2019
Speaker of the Firm of Representatives	Lord Allan Velasco, PDP–Laban since Oct 12, 2020
Structure
Seats	328 (see list) 24 senators 304 representatives
Senate political groups	Bulk bloc (20) Nacionalista (4) NPC (3) PDP–Laban (3) Bagumbayan (1) Lakas (1) LDP (1) PDDS (i) PROMDI (1) Reporma (1) UNA (1) Independent (iii) Minority bloc (4) Liberal (3) Akbayan (1)
House of Representatives political groups	Majority bloc (268) PDP–Laban (51) PCFI (45) Nacionalista (41) NPC (36) NUP (31) Lakas (24) Liberal (eight) Aksyon (1) CDP (1) LDP (1) Magdalo (one) PRP (ane) Local parties (24) Independent (2) Minority bloc (25) PCFI (8) Makabayan (6) Liberal (4) Nacionalista (ii) NPC (2) NUP (2) Local parties (1) Contained minority bloc (5) LDP (1) PCFI (1) PDP–Laban (1) Reporma (1) Local parties (ane) Vacancies (half-dozen) Vacancies (6)
Joint committees	Articulation committees are chaired by senators
Potency	Commodity VI of the Constitution of the Philippines
Elections
Senate voting system	Multiple non-transferable vote
House of Representatives voting system	Parallel voting (Political party-list proportional representation and outset-past-the-post)
Senate concluding election	May xiii, 2019
Business firm of Representatives last election	May 13, 2019
Senate next election	May 9, 2022
Firm of Representatives adjacent ballot	May 9, 2022
Meeting identify
Joint sessions are usually held at the Batasang Pambansa Complex, Quezon Urban center
Website
Senate of the Philippines House of Representatives of the Philippines

The Congress of the Philippines (Filipino: Kongreso ng Pilipinas) is the bicameral legislature of the Philippines. It consists of the Senate (upper house) and the House of Representatives (lower house),^[1] although colloquially, the term "Congress" commonly refers to simply the latter.^[a]

The Senate is composed of 24 senators^[two] half of which are elected every three years. Each senator, therefore, serves a full of six years. The senators are elected by the whole electorate and exercise not represent whatsoever geographical district.

In the ongoing 18th Congress, there are 304 seats in the House of Representatives. The Constitution states that the House "shall exist composed of not more than 250 members, unless otherwise stock-still by police," and that at to the lowest degree 20% of information technology shall be sectoral representatives. In that location are ii types of congressmen: the district and the sectoral representatives. At the fourth dimension of the ratification of the constitution, there were 200 districts, leaving 50 seats for sectoral representatives.

The district congressmen stand for a item congressional district of the state. All provinces in the land are composed of at least one congressional district. Several cities besides accept their ain congressional districts, with some having two or more representatives.^[1] From 200 districts in 1987, the number of districts have increased to 243. Every new Congress has seen an increase in the number of districts.

The party-list congressmen represent the minority sectors of the population. This enables these minority groups to be represented in the Congress, when they would otherwise non exist represented properly through district representation. Also known every bit party-list representatives, sectoral congressmen correspond labor unions, rights groups, and other organizations.^[one] With the increase of districts besides means that the seats for party-list representatives increase also, as the i:4 ratio has to be respected.

The Constitution provides that Congress shall convene for its regular session every year beginning on the 4th Monday of July. A regular session can concluding until thirty days before the opening of its next regular session in the succeeding year. The president may, even so, telephone call special sessions which are normally held between regular legislative sessions to handle emergencies or urgent matters.^[one]

History [edit]

Spanish era [edit]

During the Castilian colonization of the Philippines, municipal governments, or Cabildos were established. One such case was the Cabildo in Manila, established in 1571.^[three]

When the Philippines was under colonial dominion every bit part of the Spanish E Indies, the colony was not given representation to the Spanish Cortes. Information technology was simply in 1809 where the colony was fabricated an integral part of Spain and was given representation in the Cortes. While colonies such as the Philippines were selecting its delegates, substitutes were named so that the Cortes can convene. The substitutes, and first delegates for the Philippines were Pedro Pérez de Tagle and José Manuel Couto. Both had no connections to the colony.^[4]

By July 1810, Governor General Manuel González de Aguilar received the instruction to hold an ballot. As only the Manila Municipal Council qualified to elect a representative, information technology was tasked to select a delegate. Three of its representatives, the governor-general and the Archbishop of Manila selected Ventura de los Reyes every bit Manila'southward delegate to the Cortes. De los Reyes arrived in Cadiz in December 1811.^[4]

However, with Napoleon I's defeat at the Boxing of Waterloo, his brother Joseph Bonaparte was removed from the Castilian throne, and the Cádiz Constitution was replaced by the Cortes on May 24, 1816, with a more conservative constitution that removed Philippine representation on the Cortes, among other things. Restoration of Philippine representation to the Cortes was i of the grievances by the Ilustrados, the educated class during the late 19th century.^[two]

Revolutionary era [edit]

The Illustrados' campaign transformed into the Philippine Revolution that aimed to overthrow Castilian rule. Proclaiming independence on June 12, 1898, President Emilio Aguinaldo then ordered the convening of a revolutionary congress at Malolos. The Malolos Congress, among other things, approved the Malolos Constitution. With the approval of the Treaty of Paris, the Spanish ceded the Philippines to the U.s.a.. The revolutionaries, attempting to prevent American conquest, launched the Philippine–American War, just were defeated when Aguinaldo was captured in 1901.^[ii]

American era [edit]

When the Philippines was under American colonial dominion, the legislative body was the Philippine Commission which existed from 1900 to 1907. The President of the United States appointed the members of the Philippine Commission. Furthermore, two Filipinos served every bit Resident Commissioners to the Business firm of Representatives of the U.s.a. from 1907 to 1935, then but i from 1935 to 1946. The Resident Commissioners had a voice in the Firm, merely did not accept voting rights.^[ii]

The Philippine Bill of 1902 mandated the creation of a bicameral or a two-bedroom Philippine Legislature with the Philippine Commission equally the Upper House and the Philippine Associates every bit the Lower House. This bicameral legislature was inaugurated in 1907. Through the leadership of then Speaker Sergio Osmeña and so-Floor Leader Manuel L. Quezon, the Rules of the 59th United states of america Congress were essentially adopted as the Rules of the Philippine Legislature.^[2]

In 1916, the Jones Police force changed the legislative system. The Philippine Commission was abolished, and a new bicameral Philippine Legislature consisting of a House of Representatives and a Senate was established.^[2]

Commonwealth and Second Democracy era [edit]

The legislative system was inverse over again in 1935. The 1935 Constitution, aside from instituting the Commonwealth which gave the Filipinos more role in regime, established a unicameral National Associates. Merely in 1940, through an amendment to the 1935 Constitution, a bicameral Congress of the Philippines consisting of a Business firm of Representatives and a Senate was created. Those elected in 1941 would not serve until 1945, as Globe War II erupted. The invading Japanese set up the 2nd Philippine Commonwealth and convened its own National Associates. With the Japanese defeat in 1945, the Republic and its Congress was restored. The same setup continued until the Americans granted independence on July four, 1946.^[2]

Contained era [edit]

Upon the inauguration of the Republic of the Philippines on July 4, 1946, Republic Act No. 6 was enacted providing that on the date of the proclamation of the Republic of the Philippines, the existing Congress would be known as the Get-go Congress of the Republic. Successive Congresses were elected until President Ferdinand Marcos declared martial police on September 23, 1972. Marcos and so ruled by decree.^[2]

As early on as 1970, Marcos had convened a constitutional convention to revise the 1935 constitution; in 1973, the Constitution was approved. Information technology abolished the bicameral Congress and created a unicameral National Assembly, which would ultimately be known as the Batasang Pambansa in a semi-presidential system of government. The batasan elected a prime minister. The Batasang Pambansa starting time convened in 1978. ^[two]

Marcos was overthrown later the 1986 People Ability Revolution; President Corazon Aquino then ruled past decree. Later on that year she appointed a constitutional commission that drafted a new constitution. The Constitution was approved in a referendum the side by side year; it restored the presidential system of government together with a bicameral Congress of the Philippines. It starting time convened in 1987.^[2]

Seat [edit]

Locations of the historical (blueish) and current (red) seats of Congress in Metro Manila.

The two houses of Congress meet at different places in Metro Manila, the seat of government: the Senate meets at the GSIS Building, the main office of the Regime Service Insurance System (GSIS) at Pasay, while the House of Representatives sits at the Batasang Pambansa Circuitous in Quezon City. The two are around 25 kilometers (sixteen mi) apart.

• 

• 

• 

The Barasoain Church in Malolos, Bulacan served as a meeting place of unicameral congress of the First Philippine Commonwealth.

Subsequently the Americans defeated the Starting time Republic, the United states-instituted Philippine Legislature convened at the Ayuntamiento in Intramuros, Manila from 1907 to 1926, when it transferred to the Legislative Building only outside Intramuros. In the Legislative Edifice, the Senate occupied the upper floors while the Firm of Representatives used the lower floors.

With the Legislative Building destroyed during the Battle of Manila of 1945, the Commonwealth Congress convened at the Old Japanese Schoolhouse at Sampaloc. Congress met at the schoolhouse auditorium, with the Senate convening on evenings and the Firm of Representatives meeting every morning. The Senate later on moved to the Manila Urban center Hall, with the House staying in the schoolhouse. The two chambers of Congress returned to the reconstructed Legislative Edifice, now the Congress Building in 1950. In 1973, when President Marcos ruled past decree, Congress was padlocked. Marcos built a new seat of a unicameral parliament at Quezon Metropolis, which would eventually be the Batasang Pambansa Complex. The parliament that will eventually be named as the Batasang Pambansa (National Legislature), beginning met at the Batasang Pambansa Complex in 1978.

With the overthrow of Marcos after the People Power Revolution, the bicameral Congress was restored. The Firm of Representatives inherited the Batasang Pambansa Circuitous, while the Senate returned to the Congress Edifice. In May 1997, the Senate moved to the newly constructed building owned past the GSIS on land reclaimed from Manila Bay at Pasay; the Congress Edifice was eventually transformed into the National Museum of Fine Arts. The Senate will eventually motility into a new building that they would ain in Fort Bonifacio, Taguig.

Powers [edit]

Commission on Appointments

Bicameral Conference Committee

The powers of the Congress of the Philippines may exist classified every bit:

General Legislative It consists of the enactment of laws intended every bit a rule of bear to govern the relation between individuals (i.e., ceremonious laws, commercial laws, etc.) or betwixt individuals and the land (i.east., criminal law, political constabulary, etc.)[2]	Implied Powers Information technology is essential to the constructive practice of other powers expressly granted to the assembly.	Inherent Powers These are the powers which though not expressly given are yet exercised by the Congress as they are necessary for its existence such every bit: to determine the rules of proceedings; to compel attendance of absent-minded members to obtain quorum to do business organisation; to go along journal of its proceedings; etc.	Specific Legislative It has reference to powers which the Constitution expressly and specifically directs to perform or execute. Powers enjoyed by the Congress classifiable under this category are: Power to advisable; Power to act every bit constituent assembly; (for drafting an subpoena to the constitution upon a vote of three-fourths of all its members) Power to impeach; (to initiate all cases of impeachment is the power of the Firm of Representatives; To try all cases of impeachment is the power of the Senate.) Ability to ostend treaties;(Only the Senate is authorized to use this power.) Power to declare the beingness of war; (The Senate and the Business firm of Representatives must convene in joint session to practise this.) Power to concur immunity; and Ability to act as lath of canvasser for presidential/vice-presidential votes. (by creating a articulation congressional committee to do the canvassing.) Ability to contempt Blending of power Delegation of power Budgetary power Power to taxation
Executive Powers of the Congress that are executive in nature are: Appointment of its officers; Affirming treaties; Confirming presidential appointees through the Commission on Appointments; Removal ability; etc.	Supervisory The Congress of the Philippines exercises considerable control and supervision over the administrative co-operative - e.g.: To determine the creation of a section/agency/role; To ascertain powers and duties of officers; To appropriate funds for governmental operations; To prescribe rules and procedure to be followed; etc.	Electoral Considered as electoral ability of the Congress of the Philippines are the Congress' power to: Elect its presiding officer/s and other officers of the House; Act equally lath of canvassers for the sheet of presidential/vice-presidential votes; and Elect the President in example of whatsoever electoral tie to the said post.	Judicial Constitutionally, each house has judicial powers: To punish its Members for disorderly behavior, and, with the concurrence of two-thirds of all its Members, suspend or expel a Member To agree and approve immunity alleged by the President of the Philippines; To initiate, prosecute and thereafter decide cases of impeachment; and To make up one's mind electoral protests of its members through the respective Balloter Tribunal.
Miscellaneous The other powers of Congress mandated past the Constitution are as follows: To authorize the Committee on Audit to audit fund and belongings; To qualify the President of the Philippines to set tariff rates, quotas, and dues; To authorize the President of the Philippines to formulate rules and regulations in times of emergency; To reapportion legislative districts based on established ramble standards; To implement laws on autonomy; To establish a national language commission; To implement complimentary public secondary pedagogy; To allow small scale utilization of natural resources; To specify the limits of forest lands and national parks; To make up one's mind the ownership and extent of ancestral domain; and To plant independent economic and planning agency.

Lawmaking [edit]

• Grooming of the neb

The Member or the Beak Drafting Sectionalization of the Reference and Inquiry Bureau prepares and drafts the pecker upon the Fellow member's request.

• Get-go reading
  1. The beak is filed with the Bills and Index Service and the same is numbered and reproduced.
  2. Iii days after its filing, the aforementioned is included in the Order of Business organisation for Outset Reading.
  3. On Start Reading, the Secretary General reads the championship and number of the bill. The Speaker refers the nib to the appropriate Committee/s.
• Committee consideration / activeness
  1. The Committee where the bill was referred to evaluates it to make up one's mind the necessity of conducting public hearings.

  • If the Commission finds information technology necessary to conduct public hearings, it schedules the time thereof, problems public notices and invites resource persons from the public and private sectors, the academe, and experts on the proposed legislation.
  • If the Commission determines that public hearing is not needed, information technology schedules the pecker for Committee discussion/s.

  1. Based on the result of the public hearings or Committee discussions, the Commission may introduce amendments, consolidate bills on the same subject matter, or propose a substitute beak. Information technology then prepares the respective committee study.
  2. The Committee approves the Committee Report and formally transmits the same to the Plenary Affairs Agency.
• 2nd reading
  1. The Committee Report is registered and numbered by the Bills and Index Service. It is included in the Gild of Concern and referred to the Committee on Rules.
  2. The Commission on Rules schedules the bill for consideration on Second Reading.
  3. On Second Reading, the Secretarial assistant General reads the number, title and text of the neb and the following takes place:

  • Menstruation of Sponsorship and Debate
  • Menstruum of Amendments
  • Voting, which may be by

  1. viva voce
  2. count past tellers
  3. partitioning of the Business firm
  4. nominal voting

• Third reading
  1. The amendments, if any, are engrossed and printed copies of the bill are reproduced for Third Reading.
  2. The engrossed bill is included in the Calendar of Bills for Tertiary Reading and copies of the same are distributed to all the Members three days before its Third Reading.
  3. On 3rd Reading, the Secretary General reads simply the number and championship of the bill.
  4. A coil call or nominal voting is chosen and a Member, if he desires, is given three minutes to explicate his vote. No subpoena on the bill is allowed at this stage.

  • The beak is approved by an affirmative vote of a majority of the Members nowadays.
  • If the neb is disapproved, the same is transmitted to the Archives.

• Transmittal of the approved bill to the Senate

  The approved bill is transmitted to the Senate for its concurrence.

• Senate action on approved bill of the Firm

  The bill undergoes the same legislative process in the Senate.

• Conference committee
  1. A Conference Committee is constituted and is composed of Members from each House of Congress to settle, reconcile or thresh out differences or disagreements on whatever provision of the bill.
  2. The conferees are not express to reconciling the differences in the pecker only may innovate new provisions germane to the subject matter or may study out an entirely new nib on the subject.
  3. The Conference Committee prepares a report to exist signed past all the conferees and the chairman.
  4. The Conference Committee Report is submitted for consideration/approval of both Houses. No amendment is allowed.
• Transmittal of the bill to the President

  Copies of the bill, signed by the Senate President and the Speaker of the Firm of Representatives and certified past both the Secretary of the Senate and the Secretary General of the Business firm, are transmitted to the President.

• Presidential activity on the nib

  If the nib is approved past the President, information technology is assigned an RA number and transmitted to the House where it originated.

• Action on canonical pecker

  The bill is reproduced and copies are sent to the Official Gazette Part for publication and distribution to the implementing agencies. It is so included in the annual compilation of Acts and Resolutions.

• Action on vetoed bill

  The message is included in the Order of Concern. If the Congress decides to override the veto, the House and the Senate shall proceed separately to reconsider the bill or the vetoed items of the bill. If the bill or its vetoed items is passed past a vote of ii-thirds of the Members of each Firm, such bill or items shall go a constabulary.

Composition [edit]

In the diagrams below, Congress is divided in blocs, with the colors referring to the political party of the person leading that bloc. The blocs are determined past the vote of the member in speakership or Senate presidential elections.

The Senate is equanimous of the winners of the 2022 and 2022 Senate elections. The House of Representatives is composed of the winners of the 2022 House of Representatives elections. In both chambers, the majority bloc is composed of members generally supportive of the presidency of Rodrigo Duterte, while the minority blocs are those opposed. In the Business firm of Representatives, there is an independent minority bloc, and 4 vacant seats.

In both chambers, membership in committees is adamant past the size of the bloc; only members of the majority and minority blocs are given committee memberships. In the Philippines, political parties are liquid, and it is non uncommon to see partymates encounter themselves on dissimilar blocs.

Leadership [edit]

Each sleeping accommodation is headed by a presiding officer, both elected from their corresponding membership; in the Senate, it is the Senate President, while in the Business firm of Representatives, information technology is the Speaker. The Senate also has a Senate president pro tempore, and the Business firm of Representatives has deputy speakers. Each sleeping accommodation has its own flooring leaders.

Senate				House of Representatives
Position	Holder		Party	Position	Holder		Party	District/Party-listing
President		Tito Sotto	NPC	Speaker		Lord Allan Velasco	PDP–Laban	Marinduque–lone
President pro tempore		Ralph Recto	Nacionalista	Deputy Speakers		Paolo Duterte	NUP	Davao Metropolis–1st
						Ferdinand Hernandez	PDP–Laban	Due south Cotabato–2nd
						Evelina Escudero	NPC	Sorsogon–1st
						Loren Legarda	NPC	Antique–solitary
						Conrado Estrella 3	Abono	Party-listing
						Prospero Pichay Jr.	Lakas	Surigao del Sur–1st
						Roberto Puno	NUP	Antipolo–1st
						Eddie Villanueva	CIBAC	Party-list
						Neptali Gonzales 2	PDP–Laban	Mandaluyong–lone
						Rosemarie Arenas	PDP–Laban	Pangasinan–3rd
						Rodante Marcoleta	SAGIP	Political party-list
						Henry Oaminal	Nacionalista	Misamis Occidental–2nd
						Pablo John Garcia	NUP	Cebu–3rd
						Vilma Santos	Nacionalista	Batangas–6th
						Deogracias Victor Savellano	Nacionalista	Ilocos Sur–1st
						Mujiv Hataman	Liberal	Basilan–lone
						Mikee Romero	1-PACMAN	Party-list
						Paulino Salvador Leachon	PDP–Laban	Oriental Mindoro–1st
						Lito Atienza	Buhay	Party-list
						Rufus Rodriguez	CDP	Cagayan de Oro–2nd
						Arnolfo Teves Jr.	PDP–Laban	Negros Oriental–third
						Benny Abante	NUP	Manila–sixth
						Weslie Gatchalian	NPC	Valenzuela–1st
						Eric Martinez	PDP–Laban	Valenzuela–2nd
						Juan Pablo Bondoc	PDP–Laban	Pampanga–4th
						Bernadette Herrera-Dy	BH	Political party-listing
						Divina Grace Yu	PDP–Laban	Zamboanga del Sur–1st
						Rogelio Pacquiao	PDP–Laban	Sarangani–lonely
						Kristine Singson-Meehan	Bileg	Ilocos Sur–2nd
						Strike Revilla	NUP	Cavite–2nd
						Isidro Ungab	HNP	Davao City–3rd
						Abraham Tolentino	NUP	Cavite–eighth
						Camille Villar	Nacionalista	Las Piñas–lone
Bulk Leader		Juan Miguel Zubiri	Independent	Bulk Leader		Martin Romualdez	Lakas	Leyte–1st
Minority Leader		Franklin Drilon	Liberal	Minority Leader		Joseph Stephen Paduano	Abang Lingkod	Party-list

Summary [edit]

Voting requirements [edit]

The vote requirements in the Congress of the Philippines are equally follows:

Requirement	Senate	Firm of Representatives	Joint session	All members
One-fifth	Request of recording of yeas and nays on whatever question		N/A	N/A
One-third	N/A	Pass articles of impeachment	Northward/A	N/A
Majority (fifty% +1 member)	Election of the Senate President	Election of the Speaker	Revocation of martial law Revocation of the suspension of the privilege of the writ of habeas corpus	Submit to the electorate the question of calling a constitutional convention Grant a tax exemption Concurrence of a grant of amnesty
	Passage of laws Ballot of the president in case of a tie vote. Confirmation of an engagement of the president to a vice president
Ii-thirds	Append or expel a member Designation of the vice president equally acting president Override a presidential veto		Declaration of a state of war (voting separately)	Telephone call a constitutional convention
	Conviction of impeached officials Concurrence on a treaty	Due north/A
Three-fourths	N/A	N/A	Northward/A	Passage of amendments to, or revision of the constitution

In virtually cases, such equally the approval of bills, simply a majority of members present is needed; on some cases such as the ballot of presiding officers, a majority of all members, including vacant seats, is needed.

Sessions [edit]

A new session of Congress starts after every Business firm of Representatives election. During the performance of the 1935 constitution as amended in 1940, mid-term elections in the Senate crusade its membership to be changed mid-session. From 1945 to 1972, at that place were two commonwealth congresses and seven congresses of the republic, with the 2nd Republic Congress becoming the 1st Congress of the Republic. During the usage of the 1973 constitution, the Batasang Pambansa was the legislature, with it having two elections. Starting in the 1987 constitution, each Senate election was synchronized with the House elections, with the first congress under that constitution being counted as the "eighth Congress", picking upward from the last congress of the 1935 constitution.

Per historical era [edit]

In performance	Authority	Regime	Legislature	Type	Upper business firm	Lower house
1898–99	Malolos Constitution	Kickoff Philippine Commonwealth controlled areas	Malolos Congress	Unicameral	Malolos Congress
	State of war powers dominance of the President of the United states of america	United States Military Regime controlled areas	Martial constabulary; military governor ruled by decree
1900–1902	Malolos Constitution	First Philippine Republic controlled areas	Malolos Congress	Unicameral	Malolos Congress
	Appointment by the President of the Usa	United states of america Military Government controlled areas	Taft Committee	Unicameral	Philippine Committee
1902–1907	Philippine Organic Act	Insular Authorities of the Philippine Islands	Philippine Commission	Unicameral
1907–1916			Philippine Legislature	Bicameral	Philippine Commission	Philippine Assembly
1916–1935	Philippine Autonomy Act			Bicameral	Senate	House of Representatives
1935–1941	1935 Constitution	Republic of the Philippines	National Assembly	Unicameral	National Assembly
1942–43	War powers authorisation of the Emperor of Japan	Empire of Nihon	Martial constabulary; governor-full general ruled by decree
1943–44	1943 Constitution	2nd Philippine Republic	National Assembly	Unicameral	National Associates
1945–46	Amendments to the 1935 Constitution	Democracy of the Philippines	Congress (Commonwealth)	Bicameral	Senate	House of Representatives
1946–1973		Third Republic of the Philippines	Congress	Bicameral
1973–1976	1973 Constitution	Philippines under Martial Law	Martial law; president ruled past decree
1976–1978 (never convened)			Batasang Bayan	Unicameral	National Assembly
1978–1986	Amendments to the 1973 Constitution	4th Commonwealth of the Philippines	Batasang Pambansa	Unicameral	Batasang Pambansa
1986–1987		Provisional Government	President ruled past decree
1987–present	1987 Constitution	Republic of the Philippines	Congress	Bicameral	Senate	House of Representatives

Listing of Congresses [edit]

Ballot	Congress	Senate election results		House of Representatives elections results
Pre-1941	See Philippine Legislature and National Assembly of the Philippines
1941	1st Commonwealth Congress		24 Nacionalista		95 Nacionalista three independent
1946	2d Commonwealth Congress		ix Nacionalista (Liberal wing) six Nacionalista 1 Popular Forepart		49 Nacionalista (Liberal wing) 35 Nacionalista half-dozen Autonomous Alliance 3 others
	1st Congress
1947			six Liberal 2 Nacionalista
1949	2nd Congress		viii Liberal		60 Liberal 33 Nacionalista 7 others
1951			8 Nacionalista
1953	third Congress		five Nacionalista two Democratic 1 Citizens'		59 Nacionalista 31 Liberal xi Autonomous 1 contained
1955			9 Nacionalista
1957	4th Congress		half dozen Nacionalista 2 Liberal		82 Nacionalista 19 Liberal 1 NCP
1959			v Nacionalista 2 Liberal one NCP
1961	5th Congress		iv Liberal two Nacionalista ii Progressive		74 Nacionalista 29 Liberal 1 independent
1963			4 Liberal 4 Nacionalista
1965	sixth Congress		5 Nacionalista ii Liberal ane NCP		61 Liberal 38 Nacionalista v others
1967			6 Nacionalista one Liberal 1 independent
1969	7th Congress		half-dozen Nacionalista 2 Liberal		88 Nacionalista 18 Liberal 4 others
1971			5 Liberal 3 Nacionalista
1978, 1984	Meet Batasang Pambansa
1987	8th Congress		22 LABAN 2 GAD		43 PDP–Laban 24 Lakas ng Bansa 19 UNIDO xvi Liberal 11 KBL 55 coalitions 32 others xiv appointed sectoral seats
1992	9th Congress		xvi LDP v NPC 2 Lakas 1 Liberal		86 LDP 41 Lakas 30 NPC xi LP-PDP 32 others 16 appointed sectoral seats
1995	tenth Congress		4 Lakas 4 LDP 1 Nacionalista 1 NPC 1 PRP 1 independent		157 pro-administration coalition 26 opposition coalition 12 hybrid coalitions ix others xvi appointed sectoral seats
1998	11th Congress		5 Lakas 4 LDP one NPC one PMP 1 PDP–Laban		111 Lakas 55 LAMMP fifteen Liberal 25 others 14 party-lists
2001	12th Congress		3 Lakas ii LDP 1 Liberal 1 PDP–Laban 6 independent		73 Lakas forty NPC 21 LDP xix Liberal 52 others 17 political party-lists
2004	13th Congress		v KNP 4 Lakas two Liberal one PRP		92 Lakas 53 NPC 29 Liberal fifteen LDP 20 others 28 party-lists
2007	14th Congress		two Liberal two Nacionalista 2 NPC 2 UNO 1 KAMPI 1 LDP 1 PDP–Laban i independent		89 Lakas 44 KAMPI 28 NPC 23 Liberal 11 Nacionalista 23 others 53 party-lists
2010	15th Congress		iii Liberal 2 Lakas–Kampi ii Nacionalista two PMP 1 NPC 1 PRP 1 independent		106 Lakas–Kampi 47 Liberal 29 NPC 25 Nacionalista 22 others 57 party-lists
2013	16th Congress		three Nacionalista 3 UNA 1 LDP 1 Liberal 1 NPC one PDP–Laban		109 Liberal 42 NPC 24 NUP 18 Nacionalista 14 Lakas 27 others 59 party-lists
2016	17th Congress		5 Liberal two NPC 1 Akbayan ane UNA 3 independent		115 Liberal 42 NPC 24 Nacionalista 23 NUP 11 UNA 23 others 59 party-lists
2019	18th Congress		4 PDP–Laban 3 Nacionalista ane Lakas one LDP 1 NPC 1 UNA i independent		82 PDP–Laban 42 Nacionalista 37 NPC 23 NUP 18 Liberal 12 Lakas 27 others 61 political party-lists

Latest elections [edit]

Senate [edit]

In the Philippines, the most common style to illustrate the result in a Senate ballot is via a tally of candidates in descending order of votes. The twelve candidates with the highest number of votes are elected.

e • d Summary of the May 13, 2022 Philippine Senate election results

#	Candidate	Coalition	Party		Votes	%
1.	Cynthia Villar	HNP		Nacionalista	25,283,727	53.46%
2.	Grace Poe			Independent	22,029,788	46.58%
iii.	Bong Go	HNP		PDP–Laban	20,657,702	42.35%
4.	Pia Cayetano	HNP		Nacionalista	nineteen,789,019	41.84%
v.	Ronald dela Rosa	HNP		PDP–Laban	19,004,225	twoscore.18%
half-dozen.	Sonny Angara	HNP		LDP	18,161,862	38.xl%
7.	Lito Lapid			NPC	sixteen,965,464	35.87%
8.	Imee Marcos	HNP		Nacionalista	15,882,628	33.58%
nine.	Francis Tolentino	HNP		PDP–Laban	xv,510,026	32.79%
x.	Koko Pimentel	HNP		PDP–Laban	14,668,665	31.01%
11.	Bell Revilla	HNP		Lakas	14,624,445	thirty.92%
12.	Nancy Binay	UNA		UNA	fourteen,504,936	30.67%
thirteen.	JV Ejercito	HNP		NPC	14,313,727	30.26%
fourteen.	Bam Aquino	Otso Diretso		Liberal	14,144,923	29.91%
15.	Jinggoy Estrada	HNP		PMP	11,359,305	24.02%
16.	Mar Roxas	Otso Diretso		Liberal	9,843,288	twenty.81%
17.	Serge Osmeña			Independent	9,455,202	19.99%
eighteen.	Willie Ong			Lakas	7,616,265	sixteen.12%
19.	Dong Mangudadatu	HNP		PDP–Laban	seven,499,604	15.86%
twenty.	Jiggy Manicad	HNP		Independent	6,896,889	14.58%
21.	Chel Diokno	Otso Diretso		Liberal	half-dozen,342,939	13.41%
22.	Juan Ponce Enrile			PMP	five,319,298	eleven.25%
23.	Gary Alejano	Otso Diretso		Liberal	4,726,652	nine.99%
24.	Neri Colmenares	Labor Win		Makabayan	4,683,942	9.90%
25.	Samira Gutoc	Otso Diretso		Liberal	iv,345,252	9.xix%
26.	Romulo Macalintal	Otso Diretso		Contained	iv,007,339	8.47%
27.	Erin Tañada	Otso Diretso		Liberal	3,870,529	eight.eighteen%
28.	Larry Gadon	KDP		KBL	iii,487,780	7.37%
29.	Florin Hilbay	Otso Diretso		Aksyon	2,757,879	5.83%
xxx.	Freddie Aguilar			Contained	2,580,230	5.46%
31.	Glenn Chong	KDP		KDP	ii,534,335	five.36%
32.	Raffy Alunan			Bagumbayan	2,059,359	4.35%
33.	Faisal Mangondato	KKK		Independent	1,988,719	4.20%
34.	Agnes Escudero	KKK		Contained	ane,545,985	3.27%
35.	Dado Padilla			PFP	1,095,337	2.32%
36.	Ernesto Arellano			Independent	937,713	2.thirty%
37.	Allan Montaño	Labor Win		Independent	923,419	2.25%
38.	Leody de Guzman	Labor Win		PLM	893,506	2.17%
39.	Melchor Chavez	WPP		WPP	764,473	2.06%
40.	Vanjie Abejo	KKK		Contained	656,006	2.00%
41.	Toti Casiño	KDP		KDP	580,853	1.97%
42.	Abner Afuang	WPP		WPP	559,001	1.92%
43.	Shariff Albani	WPP		WPP	496,855	i.87%
44.	Dan Roleda	UNA		UNA	469,840	1.80%
45.	Ding Generoso	KKK		Independent	449,785	one.75%
46.	Nur-Ana Sahidulla	KDP		KDP	444,096	1.68%
47.	Abraham Jangao			Independent	434,697	1.65%
48.	Marcelino Arias	WPP		WPP	404,513	1.59%
49.	Richard Alfajora	KKK		Contained	404,513	1.57%
50.	Sonny Matula	Labor Win, WPP		WPP	400,339	1.l%
51.	Elmer Francisco			PFP	395,427	1.45%
52.	Joan Sheelah Nalliw	KKK		Independent	390,165	i.38%
53.	Gerald Arcega	WPP		WPP	383,749	i.xxx%
54.	Butch Valdes	KDP		KDP	367,851	1.twenty%
55.	Jesus Caceres	KKK		Independent	358,472	0.90%
56.	Bernard Austria			PDSP	347,013	0.70%
57.	Jonathan Baldevarona			Independent	310,411	0.67%
58.	Emily Mallillin	KKK		Independent	304,215	0.64%
59.	Charlie Gaddi	KKK		Independent	286,361	0.50%
60.	RJ Javellana	KDP		KDP	258,538	0.47%
61.	Junbert Guigayuma	WPP		WPP	240,306	0.40%
62.	Luther Meniano	WPP		WPP	159,774	0.30%
Total turnout					47,296,442	74.31%
Full votes					362,179,156	N/A
Registered voters					63,643,263	100.0%
Reference: Commission on Elections sitting as the National Lath of Canvassers.

House of Representatives [edit]

A voter has two votes in the Firm of Representatives: one vote for a representative elected in the voter'southward congressional district (first-by-the-post), and one vote for a party in the party-list system (closed list), the so-called party-list representatives; party-list representatives shall comprise not more than 20% of the Business firm of Representatives.

To make up one's mind the winning parties in the party-list election, a political party must surpass the 2% election threshold of the national vote; usually, the party with the largest number of votes wins the maximum 3 seats, the rest ii seats. If the number of seats of the parties that surpassed the 2% threshold is less than 20% of the full seats, the parties that won less than 2% of the vote gets 1 seat each until the twenty% requirement is met.

District elections [edit]

Party		Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
	Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan	12,653,960	31.22	+29.32	82	+79
	Nacionalista Party	6,524,100	16.10	+six.68	42	+18
	Nationalist People's Coalition	5,797,543	xiv.31	−2.73	37	−5
	National Unity Party	three,852,909	nine.51	−0.xvi	25	+2
	Liberal Party	two,321,759	5.73	−35.99	eighteen	−97
	Lakas-CMD	2,069,871	5.11	+3.57	12	+8
	Partido Federal ng Pilipinas	965,048	2.38	New	v	New
	Hugpong ng Pagbabago	652,318	1.61	New	3	New
	Aksyon Demokratiko	398,616	0.98	−0.4	i	0
	Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino	396,614	0.98	+0.77	i	New
	Bukidnon Paglaum	335,628	0.83	+0.48	2	+one
	Pederalismo ng Dugong Dakilang Samahan	259,423	0.64	New	0	0
	Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino	252,806	0.62	+0.32	2	0
	United Nationalist Alliance	232,657	0.57	−6.05	0	−eleven
	Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod	197,024	0.49	+0.35	1	New
	Partidong Pagbabago ng Palawan	185,810	0.46	New	2	New
	Bileg Ti Ilokano	158,523	0.39	New	one	New
	People's Reform Party	138,014	0.34	New	one	New
	Unang Sigaw ng Nueva Ecija	120,674	0.30	New	0	0
	Katipunan ng Demokratikong Pilipino	116,453	0.29	New	0	0
	Asenso Abrenio	115,865	0.29	New	1	New
	Kambilan ning Memalen Kapampangan	107,078	0.26	New	0	0
	Padayon Pilipino	98,450	0.24	−0.10	0	0
	Asenso Manileño	84,656	0.21	−0.29	2	0
	Kusog Bicolandia	82,832	0.20	New	0	0
	Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines	81,741	0.20	+0.16	one	New
	Partido Navoteño	lxxx,265	0.20	New	1	New
	Kabalikat ng Bayan sa Kaunlaran	65,836	0.16	−0.03	one	0
	Partido Demokratiko Sosyalista ng Pilipinas	56,223	0.14	New	0	0
	Bagumbayan-VNP	33,731	0.08	New	0	0
	Kilusang Bagong Lipunan	33,594	0.08	−0.45	0	0
	Adelante Zamboanga Party	28,605	0.07	New	0	0
	Labor Party Philippines	9,718	0.02	+0.00	0	0
	Democratic Political party of the Philippines	1,110	0.00	New	0	0
	Hugpong Surigao Sur	816	0.00	New	0	0
	Philippine Green Republican Party	701	0.00	−0.01	0	0
	Independent	2,014,211	4.97	−0.86	2	−2
Party-list seats[b]					61	+2
Full		40,525,182	100.00	–	304	+five
Valid votes		forty,525,182	86.34
Invalid/blank votes		6,411,957	13.66
Total votes		46,937,139	–
Registered voters/turnout		61,843,771	75.90
Source: COMELEC (Seats won), (Turnout and electorate)

1. ^ The URL of the website of the House of Representatives is, for example, www.congress.gov.ph.
2. ^ At that place were supposed to exist 306 seats up, out of 245 districts and 61 party-seats. Elections at 2 districts were deferred after ballots were already printed using the old configuration. Afterward the political party-list seats were seated, the Supreme Court then ruled that one of the districts shall first disputed in the 2022 election, and that the results of the 2022 election using the erstwhile configuration stood. The Committee on Elections and then ruled that for other district, the aforementioned ruling from the Supreme Court would besides be followed. This reduced the number of congressional district seats to 243, and would accept meant a reduction of 1 party-list seat, but that was no longer acted upon.

Party-list election [edit]

Party		Votes	%	+/–	Seats	+/–
	Anti-Crime and Terrorism Community Involvement and Support	2,651,987	9.51	+ix.17	3	New
	Bayan Muna	one,117,403	4.01	+2.fourteen	3	+two
	Ako Bicol Political Political party	ane,049,040	3.76	−i.38	ii	−1
	Citizens' Boxing Confronting Corruption	929,718	iii.33	+ane.61	2	+one
	Alyansa ng mga Mamamayang Probinsyano	770,344	2.76	New	2	New
	One Patriotic Coalition of Marginalized Nationals	713,969	2.56	−1.49	2	0
	Marino Samahan ng mga Seaman	681,448	2.44	+two.12	2	New
	Probinsyano Ako	630,435	ii.26	New	ii	New
	Coalition of Association of Senior Citizens in the Philippines	516,927	1.85	−one.20	i	−1
	Magkakasama sa Sakahan Kaunlaran	496,337	i.78	New	1	New
	Association of Philippine Electric Cooperatives	480,874	1.72	New	ane	New
	Gabriela Women's Party	449,440	1.61	−2.61	ane	−1
	An Waray	442,090	1.59	−0.23	1	0
	Cooperative NATCCO Network Party	417,285	i.50	−0.57	one	−ane
	Human action Teachers	395,327	1.42	−2.23	ane	−one
	Philippine Rural Electric Cooperatives Association	394,966	1.42	New	ane	New
	Ako Bisaya	394,304	one.41	New	ane	New
	Tingog Sinirangan	391,211	ane.40	+0.75	1	New
	Abono	378,204	1.36	−0.90	1	−1
	Buhay Hayaan Yumabong	361,493	1.thirty	−1.05	one	−one
	Duterte Youth	354,629	1.27	New	1	New
	Kalinga-Advancement for Social Empowerment and Nation Edifice Through Easing Poverty	339,665	one.22	New	ane	0
	Puwersa ng Bayaning Atleta	326,258	1.17	−1.24	i	−1
	Brotherhood of Organizations Networks and Associations of the Philippines	320,000	1.15	−0.xix	1	0
	Rural Electric Consumers and Beneficiaries of Development and Advocacy	318,511	1.14	New	1	New
	Bagong Henerasyon	288,752	1.04	+0.12	1	0
	Bahay para sa Pamilyang Pilipino	281,793	1.01	New	one	New
	Structure Workers Solidarity	277,940	one.00	+0.97	1	New
	Abang Lingkod	275,199	0.99	−0.45	1	0
	Advocacy for Teacher Empowerment Through Activity, Cooperation and Harmony Towards Educational Reforms	274,460	0.98	−0.49	one	0
	Barangay Health Health	269,518	0.97	New	one	New
	Social Amelioration and Genuine Intervention on Poverty	257,313	0.92	−0.31	1	New
	Trade Union Congress Party	256,059	0.92	−0.52	i	0
	Magdalo para sa Pilipino	253,536	0.91	+0.05	1	0
	Galing sa Puso Political party	249,484	0.89	New	1	New
	Manila Teachers Savings and Loan Association	249,416	0.89	+0.06	ane	0
	Rebolusyonaryong Alyansa Makabansa	238,150	0.85	+0.38	one	New
	Alagaan Natin Ating Kalusugan	237,629	0.85	+0.26	1	New
	Ako Padayon Pilipino	235,112	0.84	New	one	New
	Ang Asosayon Sang Mangunguma Nga Bisaya-Owa Mangunguma	234,552	0.84	−0.69	ane	0
	Kusug Tausug	228,224	0.82	+0.06	i	0
	Dumper Philippines Taxi Drivers Clan	223,199	0.eighty	+0.78	i	New
	Talino at Galing ng Pinoy	217,525	0.78	+0.51	i	New
	Public Safety Alliance for Transformation and Rule of Law	216,653	0.78	New	ane	New
	Anak Mindanao	212,323	0.76	−1.42	1	−1
	Agricultural Sector Alliance of the Philippines	208,752	0.75	−1.08	ane	0
	LPG Marketers Association	208,219	0.75	−0.69	1	0
	OFW Family Society	200,881	0.72	+0.09	1	New
	Kabalikat ng Mamamayan	198,571	0.71	−i.89	1	−one
	Democratic Independent Workers Clan	196,385	0.seventy	−0.74	i	New
	Kabataan	195,837	0.seventy	−0.23	1	0
	Aksyon Magsasaka-Partido Tinig ng Masa	191,804	0.69	New	0	0
	Serbisyo sa Bayan Party	180,535	0.65	−0.22	0	−2
	Angkla: ang Partido ng mga Pilipinong Marino	179,909	0.65	−0.39	0	−1
	Akbayan	173,356	0.62	−i.26	0	−1
	Wow Pilipinas Movement	172,080	0.62	New	0	0
	Ina na Nagmamahal sa Anak	170,019	0.61	New	0	0
	You Confronting Corruption and Poverty	167,826	0.sixty	−0.86	0	−1
	Abante Mindanao	166,883	0.sixty	−0.05	0	0
	Butil Farmers Political party	164,412	0.59	−0.63	0	−1
	Append	158,003	0.57	New	0	0
	Anakpawis	146,511	0.53	−0.60	0	−one
	Ang National Coalition of Indigenous People Activeness Na!	144,291	0.52	−0.46	0	−1
	Ang Nars	141,263	0.51	−0.17	0	0
	Partido ng Bayan and Bida	136,093	0.49	New	0	0
	Kasosyo Producer-Consumer Commutation Association	134,795	0.48	New	0	0
	Agri-Agra na Reporma para sa Magsasaka ng Pilipinas Motion	133,505	0.48	−2.10	0	−2
	Acts Overseas Filipino Workers Coalition of Organizations	131,865	0.47	−0.69	0	−1
	Adhikaing Tinaguyod ng Kooperatiba	131,344	0.47	+0.10	0	0
	Ang Mata'y Alagaan	128,201	0.46	−0.56	0	−1
	1st Consumers Alliance for Rural Energy	127,867	0.46	New	0	−1
	Murang Kuryente Partylist	127,530	0.46	New	0	0
	Una ang Edukasyon	119,646	0.43	−0.43	0	−one
	Philippine Educators Alliance for Community Empowerment	119,211	0.43	New	0	0
	Clan of Lady Entrepreneurs	113,134	0.41	New	0	0
	Aangat Tayo	109,939	0.39	−0.36	0	−1
	Ako An Bisaya	109,463	0.39	−0.11	0	0
	Avid Builders of Active Nation's Citizenry Towards Empowered Philippines	97,114	0.35	New	0	0
	Alay Buhay Customs Development Foundation	94,320	0.34	−0.24	0	0
	Global Workers and Family Federation	89,775	0.32	−0.04	0	0
	Confederation of Not-Stock Savings and Loan Associations	88,075	0.32	−0.34	0	0
	Abe Kapampangan	83,379	0.thirty	New	0	0
	National Association for Electricity Consumers for Reforms	81,141	0.29	New	0	0
	Philippine National Police Retirees Association	79,818	0.29	New	0	0
	Kilusang Maypagasa	79,358	0.28	New	0	0
	Joint Marriage of Active Nationalist Filipino Move	76,769	0.28	New	0	0
	Tanggol Maralita	76,428	0.27	−0.fifteen	0	0
	Ating Agapay Sentrong Samahan ng mga Obrero	74,722	0.27	−0.64	0	−1
	1 Brotherhood Advocating Autonomy Party	74,465	0.27	New	0	0
	Ang Kabuhayan	74,229	0.27	−0.81	0	−1
	Agbiag! Timpuyog Ilocano	70,318	0.25	−0.49	0	−ane
	Abakada Guro	69,257	0.25	−0.42	0	0
	Alliance of Philippine Fishing Federations	69,138	0.25	−0.43	0	0
	Ang Laban ng Indiginong Filipino	68,805	0.25	−0.77	0	0
	Laang Kawal ng Pilipinas	68,333	0.25	New	0	0
	Sinag Tungo sa Kaunlaran	61,696	0.22	+0.03	0	0
	People'due south Gnaw Guardians	lx,448	0.22	New	0	0
	Luntiang Pilipinas Partylist	59,096	0.21	New	0	0
	Grains Retailers Confederation of the Philippines	58,561	0.21	New	0	0
	Brotherhood of National Urban Poor Organization Assembly	54,767	0.20	+0.14	0	0
	Ako Bisdak-Bisayang Dako	51,228	0.18	New	0	0
	Kooperatiba-Kapisanan ng Magsasaka ng Pilipinas	50,889	0.eighteen	New	0	0
	Union of Nationalistic Autonomous Filipino Organization	45,710	0.sixteen	+0.01	0	0
	Isang Lapian ng Mangingisda at Bayan Tungo sa Kaunlaran	44,181	0.16	New	0	0
	Ako Ayoko sa Bawal na Droga	43,583	0.16	New	0	0
	Barangay Natin	twoscore,899	0.15	+0.05	0	0
	one-United Send Koalisyon	36,285	0.13	New	0	0
	AMEPA OFW Access Center	35,373	0.13	−0.24	0	0
	Academicians Students and Educators Alliance Inc.	32,464	0.12	−0.27	0	0
	Arts, Business and Science Professionals	31,394	0.11	−0.82	0	−1
	Sulong Dignidad Party	29,830	0.eleven	New	0	0
	Kabalikat ng Nagkakaisang Manileño	29,187	0.10	New	0	0
	Parents Teacher Brotherhood	28,908	0.10	New	0	0
	Partido Lakas ng Masa	28,824	0.x	New	0	0
	Partido ng Manggagawa	28,351	0.10	New	0	0
	Movement for Economic Transformation and Righteous Opportunities	28,261	0.10	−0.19	0	0
	One Advancement for Health Progress and Opportunity	26,564	0.10	−0.07	0	0
	Ang Tao Muna at Bayan	25,946	0.09	+0.00	0	0
	Alliance of Volunteer Educators	25,025	0.09	−0.twoscore	0	0
	Awareness of Keepers of the Environment	24,780	0.09	+0.00	0	0
	One Unified Transport Alliance of the Philippines-Bicol Region	22,948	0.08	New	0	0
	1 Philippines	21,974	0.08	New	0	0
	Partido Sandugo	19,649	0.07	New	0	0
	Pinagbuklod na Filipino para sa Bayan	18,297	0.07	New	0	0
	Federation of International Cable Television and Telecommunication Association of the Philippines	16,038	0.06	−0.05	0	0
	Tribal Communities Association of the Philippines	15,731	0.06	−0.10	0	0
	Tinderong Pinoy Party	14,580	0.05	−0.09	0	0
	Pilipinas para sa Pinoy	13,848	0.05	New	0	0
	Kaisahan ng mga Maliliit na Magsasaka	12,061	0.04	−0.09	0	0
	Noble Advancement of Marvelous People of the Philippines	11,751	0.04	New	0	0
	Filipino Family Party	x,589	0.04	New	0	0
	Alliance of Public Transport Organization	viii,883	0.03	New	0	0
	Kamais Pilipinas (Kapatirang Magmamais ng Pilipinas)	7,571	0.03	New	0	0
	Sandigan ng mga Manggagawa sa Konstruksyon	6,344	0.02	New	0	0
Total		27,884,790	100.00	–	61	+2
Valid votes		27,884,790	58.96	−13.02
Invalid/bare votes		19,411,652	41.04	+thirteen.02
Full votes		47,296,442	–	–
Registered voters/turnout		63,643,263	74.31	−6.39
Source: COMELEC

Run across also [edit]

• Politics of the Philippines
• Senate of the Philippines
• Business firm of Representatives of the Philippines
• Legislative districts of the Philippines
• List of Philippine Senate committees
• List of Philippine House committees
• List of legislatures by country
• List of current members of the Congress of the Philippines past wealth

Notes [edit]

References [edit]

1. ^ ^{a b c d} "Commodity Half-dozen: THE LEGISLATIVE Section". Philippines Official Gazette . Retrieved May 31, 2013.
2. ^ ^{a b c d e f g h i j thou} "The Legislative Branch". Philippines Official Gazette. Philippines Official Gazette. Retrieved May 31, 2013.
3. ^ "The Urban center Quango of Manila". Manila Standard. June 24, 2002. Retrieved Dec 13, 2012.
4. ^ ^{a b} Elizalde, María Dolores (September 2013). "The Philippines at the Cortes de Cádiz". Philippine Studies: Historical and Ethnographic Viewpoints. 61 (three): 331–361. doi:10.1353/phs.2013.0014. hdl:10261/165907. S2CID 145232653.

Sources [edit]

• Ramirez, Efren Five. and Lee, Jr., High german Grand., The New Philippine Constitution. Cebu Urban center: 1987: pp. 142–173.
• Commodity VI of the 1987 Philippine Constitution
• How a Bill becomes a Law
• Legislative History
• Your Legislature

External links [edit]

• Official Website of the Senate
• Official Website of the House of Representatives

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Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Congress_of_the_Philippines

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